This phase of treatment normally begins at age 11 to 12+. Since the adult dentition is present, it is time to strive for the ideal functional and aesthetic relationships. Three common classifications and examples are:

• Class I - molar and cuspid positioning with other concerns
• Class II - forward positioning of upper molars and cuspids
• Class III - forward positioning of lower molars and cuspids

Class III
The lower molars and cuspids are positioned forward of the ideal relationship.

Examples of Dr. Turners Treatment

Problem: A bilateral posterior crossbite and anterior crossbite (skeletal and dental discrepancies).   Solution: Treatment involved skeletal and dental expansion of the upper arch and the utilization of extraoral and intraoral elastics. Excellent patient cooperation helped to avoid surgical intervention.

Problem: Bilateral posterior crossbite and lateral open bite on both sides.   Solution: Treatment involved expansion of the upper arch, alignment of the teeth, correction of the anterior-posterior discrepancy, and closure of the lateral open bite.